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Charles W. Morgan (ship)
''Charles W. Morgan'' is an American whaling ship whose active service period was during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Built in 1841, ships of this type were usually used to harvest the blubber of whales for whale oil, which was commonly used in lamps. The ship has served as a museum ship since the 1940s, and is now an exhibit at the Mystic Seaport museum in Mystic, Connecticut. She is the world's oldest surviving merchant vessel, and the only surviving wooden whaling ship from the 19th century American merchant fleet.〔 She was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1966.
== Construction ==
Charles Waln Morgan chose Jethro and Zachariah Hillman's shipyard to construct a new ship at their shipyard in New Bedford, Massachusetts.〔 ''Charles W. Morgans live oak keel was laid down in February 1841 and fastened together with copper bolts. The bow and stern pieces of live oak were secured to the keel by an apron piece. The sturdy stern post was strengthened with hemlock root and white oak. Yellow pine shipped from North Carolina was used for the ship's beams and hemlock or hackmatack was used for the hanging knees.〔
Construction of the Morgan proceeded until April 19, 1841, when the workers went on strike, demanding a ten-hour work day.〔 The strike gathered support until it encompassed the shipyard, the oil refineries and the cooper shops; Charles Morgan was appointed chairman of the employers and tasked to resolve the strike.〔 Morgan opposed their demands, and a meeting with four master mechanics ended in failure. On May 6, an agreement was reached when the workers accepted a ten-and-a-half-hour workday.〔 Work resumed on the ship without incident and it was launched on July 21, 1841.〔 The ship was registered as a caravel of in length, inches in breadth, and in depth.〔 Her displacement was 314 gross tons The ship's construction and rigging cost a total of $32,562.08 and was assessed a shipyard fee of $2.25 per day for its 258 construction; labor charges was billed at $1.75 a day for 129½ days.〔
The ship was outfitted at Rotch's Wharf for the next two months while preparations were made for its first voyage.〔 The name ''Charles W. Morgan'' was initially rejected by its namesake builder before being used. Captain Thomas Norton sailed ''Charles W. Morgan'' into the Atlantic alongside ''Adeline Gibbs'' and ''Nassau'' towards the Azores.〔 A stop was made at Porto Pim (Horta) on Faial Island to gather supplies before crossing the Atlantic and passing Cape Horn before charting a course to the north.〔 On December 13, the men launched in their whaling boats and took their first whale, harpooning it and killing it with the thrust of a lance under the side fin.〔 The Morgan entered the port of Callau in early February and departed again on the 10th for the Galapagos Islands. In 1844, the ship sailed to the Kodiak Grounds before sailing for home on August 18.〔 ''Charles W. Morgan'' returned to her home port in New Bedford on January 2 in 1845.〔 The voyage of three years and three months resulted in 59 whales being processed for 1600 barrels of sperm oil, 800 barrels of right whale oil and five tons of whale bone that netted a total of $53,052.56.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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